Criminological Theory and Burglary Essay

Scant research is accessible on dynamic guilty parties because of their reluctance to corporate with analysts and past and indicted wrongdoers may have changed their viewpoints subsequent to being sentenced or left their way of life of wrongdoing. The most dependable information on these offenses and their culprits may originate from dynamic robbers themselves. Richard T. Wright and Scott Decker’s book, Burglars hands on looks to clarify the reasons why criminals carry out the violations they do. They have taken their examination to another level by picking up the trust of dynamic guilty parties in the St. Louis zone and increasing inside information on these criminals’ every day lives and their wrongdoings. This paper will address anomie and bond hypotheses and how it identifies with the wrongdoers in this investigation and the socialization of these subjects into culpability and the road culture in which they live. Regular Goals? As indicated by Robert Merton’s anomie hypothesis, individuals are not conceived hoodlums; they adjust to nature in which they live. Regular methods for arriving at an objective are frequently more promptly accessible to some than others in our general public. Merton proposes that wrongdoing is an aftereffect of this predisposition because of the anomic culture in America. Our general public spots extraordinary accentuation on the â€Å"American Dream† however regular methods for arriving at this objective are denied to some disastrous people, setting strain on them. The criminals in Wright and Decker’s book have regular objectives, however do not have the ability to accomplish them by traditional methods. Thief #30 Mark Smith says, â€Å"I didn’t have the advantage of laying back in no damn pinstriped suit. I’m poor and I’m raggedy and I need some food and I need some shoes†¦ So I got the opportunity to have some cash a way. In the event that it’s got the opportunity to be the incorrect way, at that point so be it. †(pg. 7) This thief has the regular objective of purchasing food and shoes in any case, as anomie hypothesis propose, doesn't have the ordinary methods for getting what he needs, in this way he carries out wrongdoing to acquire the cash to purchase what he wants. Few out of every odd thief in this investigation professed to have ordinary objectives, drugs were a famous want among these guilty parties too. These thieves need to get high and gathering ceaselessly, but instead than increase legal work to gracefully their propensities, they would prefer to burglarize a living arrangement to pick up the budgetary way to prop the gathering up. This is apparent in one burglar’s reaction to why he decides to carry out the violations he does. Criminal #009 Richard Jackson answers, â€Å"You ever had a desire previously? Possibly a cigarette encourage or a food ask, where you eat that and you get the opportunity to have to an ever increasing extent? That’s how the break is. You smoke it and it hits you in the rear of the throat and you got the chance to have more†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (pg. 39) most of these offenders’ needed the status and presence of being effective, the â€Å"American Dream†, however did not have the assets or drives to arrive at their objectives expectedly. The book depicts most of the guilty parties as having not many assets in which to work with. Wright and Decker compose, â€Å"Decent work openings are constrained for downtown inhabitants and the guilty parties, who by huge are inadequately instructed, untalented, and overwhelming illegal medications and liquor clients, are not all around put to seek the couple of steady employments accessible. †(pg. 50) When field scientists asked them for what valid reason they picked robbery over other authentic methods some answered that they couldn't increase appropriate work or they just didn’t need an occupation to encroach on their present ways of life. Robber #085 Tony Scott answered, â€Å"I ain’t workin’ and too languid to even think about working and simply all that. I like it to where I can simply run around†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (pg. 48) Some criminals wished to increase legal work, Wright and Decker compose, â€Å"43 of the 78 jobless subjects who said they did robberies for the most part for the cash asserted they would quit carrying out offenses on the off chance that somebody gave them a great job. †(pg. 49) Since the general desire for these offenders’ was monetarily inspired, traditional objectives are available as is advancement. A portion of these offenders’ burglarized for drug’s, in any event, burglarizing their medication dealer’s home, making them revolts rather than trailblazers. Robber #24 James Brown says, â€Å"My house robberies depend on dope sellers. † (pg. 66) Merton depicts revolts as the individuals who need ordinary objectives and the traditional methods for contacting them. I would even portray some of them as retreatist, as indicated by Merton’s hypothesis, as they use medications and criminal conduct as an approach to get away from the weights or strains put on them. One thief, Ricky Davis #015 portrays how he burglarizes and spends his cash on medications, liquor, and prostitution. He has offbeat objectives, with no evident want to carry on with a customary way of life. He says, â€Å"I spend the cash on something to drink, at that point get me some weed. At that point I’m going to discover me a duck. † (pg. 42) Weak Social bonds A bond hypothesis clarification would propose that the guilty parties needed satisfactory social bonds which, thus, gave them the opportunity to perpetrate wrongdoings. They didn't have the parental direction to guide them away from wrongdoing. The social bonds in Travis Hirshi’s bond hypothesis are connection, responsibility, association, and conviction. A few of these wrongdoers appeared to be deficient in at any rate one of these zones. Connection, or passionate closeness to other people, was deficient in huge numbers of these wrongdoers. They were more connected to the road culture than nice culture. Those guilty parties who mentioned their families never talked about commitment with them other than with regards to attempting to obtain cash from them or burglarizing them. This shows these guilty parties had feeble, assuming any, connection bonds. The majority of these offenders’ had next to no dedication either. As expressed before, they had little instruction, no occupations, and no informal communities to discourage them from an existence of wrongdoing. They don't had anything or basically nothing to lose. The offenders’ contribution in customary exercises was additionally extremely constrained. Their most grounded associations appeared to be with their â€Å"street life. † They felt that occupations or other ordinary exercises would damper their gathering time. Criminal #85 Scott says, â€Å"†¦ I ain’t got the chance to hit the sack at a specific opportunity to get up at a specific time. Hit the hay around one o’clock or at whatever point I need. Ain’t got the chance to go to work and work eight hours. Simply go in and do a brief activity, get that cash, and that’s essentially it. †(pg. 48) It is the snappy and simple, with next to no arranging or exertion, that settles on thievery a decision wrongdoing for these guilty parties. While a few wrongdoers appeared to hold some traditional virtues, others appeared to be just to consider themselves in their everyday exercises. Robber #13 Larry Washington states, â€Å"see, in the event that you ransack an individual, they can recognize you cause you lookin’ directly at em’ you know? They lookin’ directly at you and they can distinguish you. Also, furnished burglary is what? Five to ten years? Or on the other hand ten to fifteen years? † This guilty party favors thievery over burglary out of dread of a harsher discipline for himself whenever got. He shows no thought of the person in question. Robber #79 Die Leo, then again, showed some sympathy for a casualty in his announcement, â€Å"I’d never by and by loot a person, similar to approach them and state, â€Å"Give me your wallet and give me your satchel! † No Way! † Hirishi accepted that all individuals are similarly inspired to carry out violations yet that inspiration in itself was not sufficiently able to overwhelm their social bonds and drive them into an existence of wrongdoing. The absence of these social bonds gave them the opportunity to carry out their violations, and the inspiration was at that point present all things considered in all individuals. The social bond hypothesis by and large summarizes wrongdoing as it identifies with their social bonds. As these securities debilitate and start to break down, the restrictions that once bound you and kept you keeping the law are slackened. This varies from anomie hypothesis in that, anomie clarifies wrongdoing similar to a consequence of strain set on a person from pay imbalance, financial status, and so forth. These speculations are both conceivable clarifications with respect to why these wrongdoers perpetrated their wrongdoings. High strain and absence of strong bonds may both assume an imperative job in criminal jobs. Presently let’s investigate how socialization and discretion identify with wrongdoing. Socialization and Self Control Socialization into wrongdoing alludes to a person who complies with the standards and jobs in their given networks. I accept that these wrongdoers culpability can be credited to their socialization into a situation that qualities low restraint. The guilty parties in this examination displayed immediacy in their choices to submit robberies, intensifying their absence of discretion. These wrongdoers took in a lot about their networks, the individuals who live in it and their vulnerabilities as had the option to carry out their violations investing little energy or arranging. As I would like to think there is an association between culpability, low discretion, and the way of life of quick delight. These guilty parties appear to have experienced a procedure beginning with socialization into road culture which drives them to an absence of discretion, and afterward the way of life of prompt delight. To rearrange Gottfredson and Hirishi’s restraint hypothesis, I would state that low discretion is identified with wrongdoing and that requirement for sure fire delight and low poise are associating factors that add to criminal conduct. These guilty parties are acclimated with investing a ton of energy in traffic intersections with different wrongdoers, learning the methods of the road, as it were. This is their socialization period. O

Creating the resume Essay Example for Free

Making the resume Essay Searching for the ideal occupation? On the off chance that you are, at that point you better put resources into the nature of paper works that you submit to your fantasy organization. Whatever you submit as reason for your qualifications will make the company’s impression of what your identity is. Therefore, there is a need to get familiar with the best possible method of composing resumes, educational program vitae and introductory letters. These three primary archives uncover essentially uncover your own data and your craving to turn into a piece of the organization. The resume composing part is a 101 manual for composing a resume that will suit ones capabilities and request for employment. There are a few sorts of resume and it is ideal to know how these sorts are composed. The resume composing guide instructs how one ought to compose his capabilities, for example, his own data, instructive foundation and work encounters. It likewise explains on the composing botches that a candidate ought to maintain a strategic distance from recorded as a hard copy his resume and a few hints in making a great one. This part likewise calls attention to the significant contrasts between a resume and educational plan vitae and when these archives could be used in requests for employment. The introductory letter composing shows the peruser how to appropriately compose an introductory letter and have the option to send one’s message across without trouble. It likewise expounds on the significance of this sort of archive to requests for employment. Composing tips just as tests can likewise be seen on this part for the peruser to all the more likely comprehend the way toward composing such archive. Making it to the meeting procedure in an employment form may either make or unmake one’s application. The feeling that one would make on that meeting will decide his future to the organization. Subsequently, there is a need to establish a great connection. The site gives tips in getting ready to a prospective employee meeting, for example, what garments to wear and the proper behavior during the meeting. This part additionally incorporates often posed inquiries by managers. Another piece of the site is the feature it gives to fruitful characters and their vocations. This part shows their accomplishments, the troubles they looked in achieving the places that they have and how they had the option to adapt up to these issues. RESUME With the deluge of qualified candidates for a vocation, getting utilized has become a difficult errand. Candidates to a great extent are contending energetically so as to land the position subsequently, there is a requirement for one to establish a decent connection on the double. The most ideal approach to establish a decent first connection is to set up an effective, succinct and striking resume. A resume is a selling apparatus which diagrams the candidates encounters and aptitudes for the business to at first evaluate whether the candidate can add to the organization. The objective recorded as a hard copy a resume is to immediately get the consideration of the business and lead him to feel that the candidate has the stuff to go after the activity. So as to make the business consider this, the candidate should understand diaries, magazines and books and even request that experts figure out what the required prerequisites for the activity and the vital abilities that will intrigue the business. A resume is generally one to two pages in length. It gives a synopsis of the candidates abilities, instruction and experience. It doesn't need to be long to the point of uncovering the candidates life history. It should just be compact yet complete. There are a few kinds of resumes and these are the accompanying: ? sequential resume-this sort of resume begins with stomach muscle framework of the work history beginning with the ongoing position. This sort is favored by numerous businesses since it gives simple access to the positions held and the length of administration. It is typically utilized by individuals who have a decent business history. ? utilitarian resume-this sort centers around the aptitudes and experience of the candidate. It is normally utilized by individuals who changes professions or who have holes in their history of work. ? mix continue this sort records the abilities and experience then the work history. This sort empowers the candidate to feature the required aptitudes for the activity just as show the work history favored by the business ? directed resume-not at all like different sorts of resumes which can without much of a stretch be cultivated for general work purposes, a focused on continue is modified to fit the required capabilities for a particular activity. RESUME WRITING TIPS Recorded as a hard copy a resume, one needs to think about the accompanying: 1. A powerful resume is unmistakably centered around a particular activity and addresses the necessities determined by the business for a specific position. The candidate should comprehend what the business requirements for the activity and how the candidate can give answer for these necessities. 2. Among the components that ought to be seen on a resume are sure close to home attributes, unknown dialect aptitudes, instructive achievements, specialized and PC abilities, experience picked up in temporary positions, work history and grants got. 3. The resume should likewise introduce an obvious target that will imply to the business the position wanted for. It should coordinate the catchphrases that the business remembered for the activity posting. 4. The heading ought to show the candidates name, address, email address and phone number. The name ought to be situated in the center part, written in strong letters and the textual style is bigger than different messages in the paper. 5. Instructive achievements should begin from the latest. It ought to show the degree completed, major and minor just as the date of graduation. The name of the organization ought to be in striking letters. Every single unique program just as workshops ought to be demonstrated. 6. Work experience ought to likewise be composed from the ongoing to the least. A stable employment held for certain years might be featured to connote the candidates work demeanor. 7. Extra interests and data ought to incorporate a rundown of unique gifts and interests. This will show to the business that the candidate has a fair way of life and can work past the activity capabilities. 8. Dynamic words ought to be utilized in making the resume.

MindMeister on XING - Focus

MindMeister on XING - Focus XING, Europes largest business networking site the LinkedIn of Europe if you will has just launched its own OpenSocial API, as reported by Techcrunch and others. As you can see (and may have guessed by now), MindMeister is one of 13 launch applications of XINGs new Partner Ecosystem.   From today, 7.5 million XING users will be able to add the MindMeister app at the click of a button to their home screen and start creating and sharing mind maps with their XING contact network. Weve been working on the integration for a few months now and thankfully finished in time for the launch, overcoming all kinds of technical and artistic issues (for instance, how do you combine the MindMeister Blue Pink with XINGs green tones in a non-offensive way?). Theres a dedicated Templates tab on the XING app that allows users to clone predefined template maps to their account. Templates are available for personal task management, meeting minutes, creation of a business plan or even making a SWOT analysis. Theres even a template map for creating your resumé as a mind map and then adding it to your public XING profile. Existing MindMeister users can connect their account to XING and manage all their mind maps from the XING desktop. Also, all XING members get pretty nice discounts if they buy a full membership at MindMeister 20% for XING premium users, 10% for free account holders. Read the full press release here. Please note: this article was last updated in 2009 so the contents and discount codes may now be expired. For the latest product update news and discount announcements, please visit the blog homepage at focus.meisterlabs.com MindMeister on XING - Focus XING, Europes largest business networking site the LinkedIn of Europe if you will has just launched its own OpenSocial API, as reported by Techcrunch and others. As you can see (and may have guessed by now), MindMeister is one of 13 launch applications of XINGs new Partner Ecosystem.   From today, 7.5 million XING users will be able to add the MindMeister app at the click of a button to their home screen and start creating and sharing mind maps with their XING contact network. Weve been working on the integration for a few months now and thankfully finished in time for the launch, overcoming all kinds of technical and artistic issues (for instance, how do you combine the MindMeister Blue Pink with XINGs green tones in a non-offensive way?). Theres a dedicated Templates tab on the XING app that allows users to clone predefined template maps to their account. Templates are available for personal task management, meeting minutes, creation of a business plan or even making a SWOT analysis. Theres even a template map for creating your resumé as a mind map and then adding it to your public XING profile. Existing MindMeister users can connect their account to XING and manage all their mind maps from the XING desktop. Also, all XING members get pretty nice discounts if they buy a full membership at MindMeister 20% for XING premium users, 10% for free account holders. Read the full press release here. Please note: this article was last updated in 2009 so the contents and discount codes may now be expired. For the latest product update news and discount announcements, please visit the blog homepage at focus.meisterlabs.com

History of Telephone - 1832 Words

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 HISTORY OF TELEPHONE 3 Early Telephone Development 3 The Beginning (1876-1900) 4 The New Century (1901-1940) 6 Modern Time (1940-Today) 6 CONCLUSION 7 REFERECENCE 8 INTRODUCTION A few centuries ago, there were only a few kinds of communication that people can use. They could speak to each other, they can use smoke as a means of communication to send their message from one place to another or they could use mail. Later on, they also had telegram. During the modern age, telephone is one of the most important inventions in the field of communications. It is a disruptive technology that had made other means of communication become obsolete. Nowadays, it has played an irreplaceable role in our†¦show more content†¦From the moment Alexander Graham Bell spoke â€Å"Mr. Watson, come here, I want you.† into his experimental telephone on March 10, 1876, an industry was born. In July of 1877, Gardiner Hubbard, George Sanders and Bell formed the Bell Telephone Company. The Charles Williams shop made the first telephones under the direction of Watson, who in effect was the Research and Development Department of the company. In mid-1878, Theodore Vail was assigned as the new general manager of the Bell Company. The Bell company had 10,000 phones in service at this time. Figure 9, 1011: Alexander Graham Bell, Elisha Gray and Bell’s original telephone . Figure 12: The first commercial switchboard Go back one year, on January, 28 1878, the first commercial switchboard began operating in New Haven, Connecticut. With the invention of the switchboard, exchanges opened rapidly across the country. On February 21, the worlds first telephone directory was produced by George Williard Coy and a group of investors in the New Haven District Telephone Company at 219 Chapel Street which was a single paper consists of only fifty names. On August 1, Thomas Watson invented the phone ringer. Previously, people used a crude thumper to signal the called party, hoping someone would be around to hear it. The ringer was an important success to the future of telephony In 1889 the first publicShow MoreRelatedTime and Distance Overcome1181 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica is still today an ongoing issue, which can be traced back in history. Even though the issue isn’t as big as it was 50 years ago, it still has influence in America, in every perspective, both as individuals but also as a community. Today we have a black president in America, so America has changed, but how was that possible? And how is the relationship between blacks and whites? Another interesting perspective is the telephone, is a thing to communicate with, but can it also be used to make aRead MoreThe Telephone: Then and Now1221 Words   |  5 PagesJennifer Evans The Telephone: Then and Now HUMN 303: Introduction to the Humanities Instructor E. Elliott February 11, 2011 The Telephone: Then and Now The telephone was one of the greatest American inventions. Developed in the 1800’s by Alexander Graham Bell, it quickly became one of the most used inventions in the world. The telephone had many impacts on society and the way we communicated and still plays a huge role in the world we live today. The telephone has developed from somethingRead MoreThe Ethics Of The And Public And Private Industry867 Words   |  4 Pagesand Thomas Sanders, invented what is known today as the . These three men for Bell Telephone Company to exploit the telephone. With that, the first telephone switchboard, Bell Telephone began business in New Haven Connecticut in 1878 (A Brief History: Origins, n.d.). Bell Telephone Company became the American Telephone and Telegraph (ATT) Company in 1885 when they were commissioned to form a long distance telephone network. Over roughly the next 131 years, ATT was able to successfully â€Å"operateRead MoreA Brief Biography of Alexander Graham Bell Essay example1345 Words   |  6 Pages 91% of adults use cellphones, and without his invention of the telephone, there would never be cellphones, and the way we communicate with the world would be entirely different. (Pewresarch) Michael Hart’s book The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History ranks Alexander Graham Bell as the forty second most influential person in history and he is one of the most influential persons in history. Alexander Graham Bell’s influences of his father and grandfather caused him to takeRead More How Is Text Messaging Affecting Teen Literacy and Other Aspects of their Life700 Words   |  3 Pagestrouble. The telephone was invented in 1870 by Gray and Bell, who then battled over the true inventor of the telephone, which Bell won. Bell then began experimenting with electrical signs, which brought the telegraph to be an established means of communication (Bellis). In 1876, Bell made his first call to Thomas A. Watson in March. People thought Bell’s invention was a toy, but later people wanted a phone installed in their homes, towns, or businesses. In 1877, the first telephone appeared in WisconsinRead MoreTelephone Past and Present1583 Words   |  7 PagesTELEPHONE PAST TO THE PRESENT YOLINDA RATLIFF INF. 103 COMPUTER LITERACY INSTRUCTOR MIKE JONES August 10, 2010 In 1862 Thomas Alvin Edison hung a telegraphy line from Port Hudson Railroad station to Port Hudson village and worked in the telegraphy office as he was taught as aRead MoreEssay about History of Telecommunications588 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of Telecommunications *Works Cited Not Included There were numerous people and inventions that helped shaped the modern path of telecommunications. It is because of these important people and inventions that have made telecommunications into what it is now. Telecommunications technology has gone through many changes within the last one hundred to two hundred years. Many inventions such as the telephone, telegraph, and teletypewriter, have all had a profound impactRead MoreThe Cultural Context and Evolution of the Telephone963 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿The Cultural Context and Evolution of the Telephone It is common knowledge that the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 and that Bell was awarded the patent after a race (and legal battle) with Elisha Gray of the Western Electric Telegraph Company; what is less well-known is the cultural context that enabled the invention or the effect that the telephone eventually had on modern life. This paper places the invention of the telephone into context and explores the relationshipRead MoreA Brief Resource And Capabilities Analysis For Centurylink, Inc. Essay811 Words   |  4 PagesSr. sold the Oak Ridge Telephone Company in Oak Ridge, LA to William Clarke and Marie Williams (Our History). In 1946, Clarke McRae Williams received ownership of the company as a wedding present (Our History). In 1947, Williams purchased the Marion Telephone Company in Marion, LA and moved base operations to Marion, LA (Our History). By 1968, the family owned business incorporated as Central Telephone and Electronics and moved their head quarters to Monroe, LA (Our History). In 1971, the companyRead MoreHegemonic Femininity In The 1920s999 Words   |  4 Pages The 1920s are a time praised for getting women involved in the workplace because of the telephone industry that employed many women as telephone operators. This is a moment in Women’s rights history that is praised, but it should not be because at its core it still forced women into being a part of the Patriarchal agenda. This type of work forced women to fall into the hegemonic femininity characteristics to maintain the patriarchy while giving women a sense of pride that they are moving up in

The Prowess Demonstrated by Poet, Robert Frost - 773 Words

Poetry is a form of literature that can be interpreted in different ways by different people. When reading poems by Robert Frost he demonstrates his prowess with different types of elements by bringing it to life and giving them multiple meanings. From themes to figure of speech all the way to word choice and order, Frost demonstrates his ability to capture his audience in a way that makes them return. â€Å"The Oven Bird† by Robert Frost depicts a bird sitting on top of a tree witnessing the seasons changing. The theme of the poem is how the seasons are changing which also represents the aging and what comes from it. The narrator of the poem is detailing how change is happening in not only the environment but also in himself. With summer comes vitality and enjoyment, and with that coming to an end a sense of fulfillment is lacking. The narrator is opposed to the season changing because it also means that he will be changing. When the narrator states â€Å"And comes that oth er fall we name the fall.†(Frost 886), he demonstrates the aging that comes with seasons changing. The first fall he talks about is the fall season but the other fall is his age and life experiences. Towards the end of the poem the narrator begins to accept reality and the change that is happening around him. The last line â€Å"Is what to make of a diminished thing.† (Frost 886) shows that he is beginning to accept that his life is diminishing, and that change is something that cannot be stopped. â€Å"Fire and Ice†

Breaking Away from Stereotype Free Essays

The United States of America has been called the â€Å"melting pot† of the world. It is a country that is open to diversity and welcomes culture, race and ethnicity of all sorts, for as long as it complies with its laws. United States become a nation rich in immigrants who found new home in a foreign land. We will write a custom essay sample on Breaking Away from Stereotype or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most of the big and key cities in the United States are culturally and racially diversified. This diversity is taught to be an asset of the society. If not understood well, this diversity may also lead to internal and external conflicts such as discrimination and stereotyping. Stereotyping can be as harmless as thinking that Chinese cooks the best orange chicken or Indians have the best chicken curry, but it can also be as destructive as stereotyping Muslims as potential terrorists or Mexicans as potential illegal aliens. Stereotypes come in different forms and it is also apparent in the news, media, television, songs and even literatures. Latino or Hispanic race, for example, has been a hot topic of racial stereotyping. A Latino man behind a cash register may often hear a customer asking â€Å"habla Ingles†. Failure to assimilate to American culture, including language, is one stereotype Latinos are facing. In the story â€Å"Rain of Gold†, written by Victor Villasenor, most of the characters spoke little or no English until they entered the United States. Another literary work, a poetry, written by Pat Mora entitled â€Å"Immigrants† contained lines that read â€Å"before the baby can even walk, speak to them in thick English, hallo, babe, hallo†. There may be some humor to the poem, but it stereotypes the Latino immigrants as having â€Å"thick English† accents. â€Å"Rain of Gold†, written by Victor Villasenor was about the three generations of two Mexican families whose hardship and adventures date back in the Mexican Revolution of 1910. The book chronicled the characters’ escape from Mexico and entry into the United States. It was entitled â€Å"Rain of Gold† because it is the English translation of the characters’ home town of â€Å"La Lluvia de Oro†. In the book, the characters spoke little or no English, which may still be apparent today in our society. However, from the book, we cannot generalize that Mexicans cannot assimilate the way of living or system of other culture. In the book, it was also written that the characters learned to use the survival techniques of Native Americans in order to survive the difficulties they were facing in their environment. The poem â€Å"Immigrants† by Pat Mora also wrote examples on how Mexican try to adapt the American culture by eating hot dogs and apple pie, by naming their children Bill and Daisy, or by buying their children football or blonde dolls with blue eyes. In the modern America, most stereotypes related to the Latino race are exaggerated in the movies or in the media. The movies would often depict Latinos as blue collared workers with little education, family with more than four children, or young Latino with literacy problem. Another stereotype that is attached to the Latino culture is the use of spiritual healing or magic. There are three literary works that took note of the Spiritual healing practice of the Latino culture. â€Å"Rain of Gold† by Victor Villasenor noted that during trying times, the character held on the belief of spirits and asked for their guidance and healing. â€Å"The Curing Woman† by Alejandro Morales was about the power of the traditional healers who use spiritual connection to heal physical ailments. It is about a Spanish woman named Marcelina who learned how to use â€Å"white magic† from her Spanish mother, Dona Marcelina Trujillo. â€Å"White magic† uses herbs, plants, minerals, chants and astrological formulas to cure diseases of the human body. â€Å"Curandera†, a poem written by Pat Mora describes the dependency of a Latino woman to the nature as means of survival and healing of the people. In the poem, the curandera (a woman who practices folk medicine), uses the elements found in the desert, plants, sunlight, and wind to heal other people to survive. Living in a modernized society and the availability of technology used as tools in medicine will create plenty of skepticism and mockery to spiritual healing as a form of cure. The use of spiritual healing will be rejected by most of American populations who grew up with vaccines, radiography, and antibiotics. It will be a challenge for any Latinos practicing this part of their culture to make someone else outside of their race to understand. Another Latino stereotype that affects most Latino men, is the machismo schema attached to Latino men. It is viewed that in Latino culture, men are the dominant gender, and women are submissive to their male counterparts. However, in â€Å"Rain of Gold† written by Victor Villasenor, the character of Dona Margarita, a wife and a mother, possessed strength that was even able to boldly reprimand the character of her husband. Dona Margarita’s strength and support was valued in the book as one of the reason of fulfilling the family’s dreams. She was able to express her anger and frustration on her husband, Don Victor, when he gambled and got drunk. Her family felt hope when she did not give-up her hope that her daughter, Sophia, was still alive. Although she wanted to give the leadership role to her husband Don Victor, the book made it apparent that she is the strength of her family. However, the story also depicted Dona Margarita as a housewife whose primary role is to raise her children and manage the household. Most Latino written works also depicted the common stereotype that Latinos mostly worked blue collar jobs. For example, in the â€Å"Rain of Gold† by Victor Villasenor, most men worked as miners, while some worked as soldiers. In the movies, most Latino females play characters such as nanny, cashier, waitress, or housekeeper. In conclusion, I believe that the Latino race does not only suffer from being stereotyped by people from another culture, but also from the literary works of Latino authors. Pat Mora, for example, used the â€Å"thick English† accent of Latinos to provide some humor to her poetry. In more than two literatures the â€Å"spiritual or magical healing† was also noted, providing a stronger connection between this practice and the Latino race. Personally, I believe that I am a victim of the movies and television programs who effectively instill cultural stereotypes in me. Fortunately, I was able to know numerous Latinos that proved that the stereotypes should not be used as a general depiction of their race. A research study survey noted that the stereotypical images of the Latinos in the media are not accurate and that most Latinos who participated in the survey were able to assimilate well into the US culture (Latino Professional Survey, 2006). The survey noted that 98% of the survey respondents were fluent in English and 80% were college graduate (Latino Professional Survey, 2006). This defies the common stereotyping that Latinos cannot speak English very well and mostly occupy blue collared jobs. How to cite Breaking Away from Stereotype, Essay examples

Social Network free essay sample

Have a look at the essay question below. What would be your answer to this question? ii) Read the sample essay and the comments provided for key features of the essay . Do you think this is a good essay? Could it be improved in any way? Question: Has social networking improved the quality of relationships in society? Write an essay of between 1800-2000 words, clearly stating your view on the issue. Social networking has had a major influence on society in the 21st century, enabling citizens to engage with each other in radically new and different ways. According to Brown (2011), we can fall in love online, create friendships, attend parties in other countries – all without leaving the comfort (and anonymity) of our armchair. And while the Generation Ys and Xs in our society are leading the adoption of the emerging social networking websites, it has been noted that the older generations are now catching up, with the strongest recent growth in usage among the 55 and 65 age group (Burbary 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Social Network or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So what does this apparent ‘revolution’ mean for society? How is social networking changing the way people relate to each other, and can we say that it has led to an improvement in relationships? This essay will argue that in the area social and political awareness, social networking has had a strongly positive effect. In other areas of society however, there is cause for some concern. Comment [T1]: This last sentence of the introduction presents the students’ ARGUMENT. We can think of the ARGUMENT as the students particular ANSWER to the question being posed. Your lecturers will be appreciative of any essay that has a clearly stated argument. Comment [T2]: This is an example of a SUB-HEADING. Subheadings help to show the structure of your essay. However, they should be used fairly sparingly in essay writing. Background to social networking The idea of a ‘social network’ is not new. A social network in fact refers to any structure made up of individuals (or organizations) tied to one another though some type of interdependency, such as friendship, common interest, financial exchange and so on (Oxford Dictionary of Sociology 2011). What is radically new however, is web-based social networking, which has allowed these networked structures to develop in much more extensive and elaborated ways. Beginning with specialised online communities in the 1990s such as Geocities and Tripod.  com, online social networking became a mass phenomenon in the 2000s with the development of individual user profile functions, and enhanced capacity to share activities, and interests within individual networks. Nowadays, the main social 1 networking sites such as Facebook, MySpace, Twitter enjoy hugesuccess, with Facebook – arguably the most successful of these – boasting more than 75 0 million users worldwide. The appeal of social networking seems to vary. Some surveys point to more pragmatic social motives such as â€Å"staying in touch with friends, organising social activities, or flirting with someone† (Lenhart Madden 2007, p. Other studies however, allude to deeper psychological needs such as the need for a sense of belonging, or the need to project one’s identity (Ridings Gefen 2004). Mark Zuckerberg, the creator of Facebook, is sure that the chief appeal comes from social networking’s ability to empower people by giving them a ‘voice’. He is also sure that this capacity has meant that his technological creation has been overwhelmingly a force for good. Comment [T3]: This is an example of a CITATION. Note that in this case some of the actual words from the original text have been used, indicated with â€Å"quotation marks†. When you use a DIRECT QUOTE, you also need to include the pages number. When you give everyone a voice and give people power, the system usually ends up in a really good place. So, what we view our role as, is giving people that power (cited in Ali 2011) Comment [T4]: This is an example of a BLOCK QUOTE. Use these when the quote you wish to use is more than one sentence. BLOCK QUOTES should be in a smaller font and separated from the rest of the text. Comment [T5]: After presenting this background material, the student reminds us of the key ISSUE of the essay i. e. has social networking had a  positive influence? But is such a positive view of the impact of social networking justified? Effects of social networking on social relationships In order to understand the effects that the new media have had on social relationships, it is necessary to break the term ‘relationship’ into three elements: relationship with the broader community, relationships with ‘friendsâ⠂¬â„¢, and relationship with self. In terms of the relationship with the broader (sometimes global) community, there is much evidence to suggest that the social media user has a greater awareness of social issues (Shirky 2011). As a result of this greater access to information, many social media users have a strengthened relationship with the broader community, with a more immediate ability to become involved in collective action (Shirky 2011). Comment [T6]: This opening sentence indicates how the student is going to ANALYSE the topic i. e. by referring to these three ELEMENTS of relationships. Comment [T7]: This sentence indicates clearly that the students is now going to consider the first ELEMENT. This activist dimension of the web has been particularly evident in a number of popular struggles against repressive governments in recent times. In Iran, for example, social networking became crucial in the revolt of the citizenry against the country’s presidential elections held in 2009, and widely believed to be rigged. In response to the government’s monopoly over conventional media (newspapers, television and radio), many Iranians turned 2 Comment [T8]: This a good example of how the student uses specific INSTANCES or EXAMPLES to support what they are saying. to social-networking tools both to circulate alternative sources of news, and to organise a dramatic series of street demonstrations against the government (Carafano 2009). A similar dynamic was seen in the Egyptian revolution, where Facebook is acknowledged to have played a major role in organising the demonstrations that were eventually to bring down President Mubarak. According to Wael Ghonim, a key activist in the Egyptian uprising: This revolution started [ ] in June 2010 when hundreds of thousands of Egyptians started collaborating content. We would post a video on Facebook that would be shared by 60,000 people on their walls within a few hours. Ive always said that if you want to liberate a society just give them the Internet (cited in Huffington Post, 2011) Comment [T9]: This is another example of a BLOCK QUOTE. The’ cited in’ label indicates that the student read this quote not in an article by the author (‘Wael Ghonin’), but in another text that quoted this author. Comment [T10]: This paragraph provides a summary of the ideas of a key AUTHOR on this topic – Clay Shirky. Notice how Shirky is front and centre in this particular stretch of writing: Clay Shirky †¦ is optimistic about †¦ Shirky suggests that†¦ Shirky argues that†¦ He (Shirky) says †¦ Clay Shirky, a major commentator on social media is most optimistic about the potential of the new networking technologies to bring about significant social change. Shirky suggests that the distinguishing feature of web 2. 0 technologies is that they have moved beyond the 20th century paradigm of passive media consumption to one of active participation. This shift from consumption to action, Shirky argues, has the potential to free up human creativity, and to be a spur for major collective change: Our social tools are not an improvement to modern society†, he says; â€Å"they are a challenge to it† (Shirky 2008, p.  25). While social networking has become justly famous in the world of politics and social struggle, its more common and widespread use is in the more local domain of personal relationships. In this area we can also see many positive developments. On a basic level, social networking sites have proven to be a very efficient way of establishing and maintaining relationships with friends and relatives. On this score, a recent survey of US college students found that the most attractive feature of Facebook was its ability to help users track down old school friends (Pempek et al. 2009). Another undoubted appeal is the role that social networking can play in facilitating romantic relationships, although evidence suggests that the extent of this use may be overestimated (Pempek et al. 2009). Perhaps the most powerful use in this form of relationship building is the development of networks around shared interests and circumstances. Social networking has become a dynamic way for the young to build relationships around cultural interests and artifacts; it can also support close online communities around the idea of self-help, for example, among sufferers of certain medical conditions (Preece Maloney-Krichmar 2005). It is always a good move to find opportunities in your essays to engage with key IDEAS in this way. Comment [T11]: Notice how the student indicates clearly that they are moving on to the next ELEMENT of social relationships. Comment [T12]: The ‘et al. ’ is short for et alia (Latin for ‘and others’). You use this when the source has more than two authors. All author names are included in the list of references. 3 There are however a number of worrying aspects about this interpersonal dimension of social media. Some studies have shown that the quality of relationships with friends can deteriorate where social media has replaced face-to-face communication (Kujath 2011). There is the suggestions too that in spite of the greater interconnectedness it creates, socialnetworking sites like Facebook and MySpace can in fact leave some people feeling more lonely and isolated (Cacioppo Patrick 2009). As Cacioppo and Patrick (2009, p. 46) explain: â€Å"For people who are already feeling lonely, Facebook status updates are just a reminder of how much better everyone else is at making friends and having fun†. Elaborating on this idea, Sherry Turkle (2011), from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a strong critic of the social effects of the new media suggests that: Comment [T13]: This paragraph indicates a shift in the discussion. Recall that the students’ argument is: â€Å"While social networking has had positive effects in the area of social and political awareness, in other areas there is cause for some concern†. Here the student is moving on to discuss some of these concerns. New topics are introduced in an essay by the use of strong TOPIC SENTENCES. These are sentences at the beginning of a paragraph that clearly signpost the direction of the essay. Networked, we are together, but so lessened are our expectations of each other that we can feel utterly alone. And there is the risk that we come to see others as objects to be accessed and only for the parts we find useful, comforting, or amusing (Turkle 2011, p. 25). An area of particular concern in social relationships is cyberbullying. While bullying behavior among peers has always been a part of society, it seems that social networking creates opportunities for this to happen in particularly intense and ways. This is attributed to certain characteristics inherent in online technologies, including the ability to remain anonymous while engaged in social networking activity, and also the networking capacity of social media, which allows bullies to gang up on victims in a much more efficient and relentless manner than in face-to-face situations (Patchin 2008). This networking also means that acts of bullying can be witnessed by numerous spectators, creating further humiliation for victims. The potentially devastating effects of this use of social networking have been seen in a number of high profile cases, including that of Ryan Halligan, a thirteen year old school boy in the US, who was driven to suicide after receiving repeated instant messages from school classmates accusing him of being gay. An outcome of the case was changes in the laws, with the introduction of anti-bullying legislation across a number of US states. Although cases like the Halligan one are extreme, a recent US survey found that as many as 40% of college students reported experiencing some form of cyberbullying (Patchin 2008). Comment [T14]: This paragraph opening signals additional discussion about the negative effects of social networking. Note the use of a strong TOPIC SENTENCE. 4 A final area to consider is the effect that social networking has on relationships with the ‘self’. One of the interesting features of social media sites such as Facebook, is that they give users an opportunity to shape and construct their social identity. Some commentators have seen this as a positive development. Thus, it is suggested that social media gives people much more control over their self-appearance than in face-to-face communication, allowing them to project a positive image of themselves to the world (Kramer Winter 2008). This ‘control’ makes the social media world particularly attractive to shy and introverted people, who may have difficulty expressing their identity in regular off line relationships (Aubrey 2008). Comment [T15]: In this paragraph opening, the student indicates the final area to be covered. Comment [T16]: This is a good way to introduce ideas from the LITERATURE. Some of these ‘commentators’ are then referenced in the remainder of the paragraph i. e. (Kramer and Winter, 2008; Aubrey, 2008) You will see another example of this at the beginning of the next paragraph: â€Å"Some writers†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The ideas of these writers are introduced to emphasize additional concerns about social networking. Some writers however, are critical of the way that social networking seems to draw users into having such a strong focus on themselves and their personal identities (Rosen, 2007). The concern is that social media sites in fact offer a ready-made vehicle for self promotion and vanity via self descriptions and photographs, and are also encouraging of shallow superficial relationships with so-called ‘friends’ (Buffardi Campbell, 2010). In an interesting study, Buffardi and Campbell (2010) found that people with ‘narcissistic’ personality traits tended to be the greatest users of social media. It is not clear from the study whether social media actually promotes ‘narcissism’ or whether it is just a tool embraced by those who are already this way inclined. Nevertheless, the focus on self via this media is increasingly a cause for some concern (Rosen, 2007). Overall social networking’s effect on social relations seems to be a mixed one. While one can point to many benefits it has brought, especially in the area of political engagement and activism, there are some areas in our personal relationships where the influence has not been a positive one. Perhaps the area of most concern is the phenomenon of cyberbullying which points to a worrying deterioration in social relationships. One certainty though, is  that social media is now embedded in the social fabric, and its influence and usage is only likely to grow. The challenge for society will be to keep pace with this change, and to try to ensure that this new kind of ‘voice’ bestowed on citizens is overwhelmingly an affirming and mutually-respectful one. As social networking becomes more and more a part of our lives, it will be interesting to see how this challenge i s met. Comment [T17]: This is the student’s CONCLUSION. As shown here, a good way to begin a conclusion is to restate the essay’s central ARGUMENT.